Repowering the Mediterranean: Reflections on Grid Infrastructure Diplomacy

The paper presents an overview of the current state of grid integration throughout the Mediterranean area, examines several proposed interconnectivity projects, and concludes by proposing guidelines to enhance interconnectivity. The current state of interconnectivity and the future projects are reviewed within the broader vision of an interconnected Mediterranean power system that would foster a low-carbon regional energy framework in the future. Despite the absence of a shared vision for a unified Mediterranean energy market, the framework of climate change and energy transition can serve as a catalyst for forging a common perspective. However, an overarching question remains: How can the existing infrastructure and proposed projects successfully achieve a comprehensive, integrated power grid spanning the entire region when geopolitical concerns dominate the region?