By the end of 2005, Russia had established its counter-revolutionary leadership and recovered much of the influence in Central Asia, expecting to advance its interests further with the receding revolutionary tide. Russia has achieved some success in instrumentalizing the counter-revolutionary momentum to advance itys energy interests; the scale of this ambitious counter-offensive might, however, turn out to be more limited than it currently appears.
Baev, Pavel K. (2006) Turning Counter-Terrorism into Counter-Revolution: Russia Focuses on Kazakhstan and Engages Turkmenistan, European Security 15 (1): 3–22.
