ISBN: 978-0-198-73947-0
Krzysztof Krakowski
King’s College London
Fight, Flight, Mimic offers an engaging empirical investigation of Diego Gambetta's theoretical proposition on mimicry in conflicts. The book explores mimicry tactics used by civil war actors, terrorists, and criminal organizations, revealing its real-life manifestations across various contexts. Leading scholars in violent conflict provide a comprehensive examination of mimicry strategies. While most contributions rely on anecdotal evidence, Pizzini-Gambetta and Gambetta’s essay on 1960s terrorism in Italy and Hegghammer’s study of Jihadist online fora strive for systematic analysis - a challenging task given the secretive nature of mimicry. The book presents fascinating examples of how violent actors and organizations screen potential mimics, such as requiring deep knowledge of Marxism or inviting suspects to recite poetry, as documented by Mamidi in India. It also highlights the negative externalities of mimicry, such as the targeting of civilians mistaken for rebels and the suspicion cast on aid organizations, as Holmes discusses in Iraq. This chapter offers key reflections on the legal treatment of mimicry in the codes of war. A key insight is that, despite their cunning, mimics are often detected due to the screeners' extensive local knowledge, as Laitin shows in the Rwandan genocide context. Mimicry is often transient and marginal, with screeners investing more in detection as mimicry becomes prevalent and stakes are higher. Fearon’s model formalizes this idea, offering a theoretical foundation to understand differing case study conclusions. The transient nature of mimicry, with its declines and resurgences, invites further longitudinal analysis, as Hamill discusses in her study of Northern Ireland. Overall, Fight, Flight, Mimic is a thought-provoking read that will spark debate on mimicry in violent conflicts.